Introduction to Algorithm.

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What is programming ?
Programming is writing a sequence of instructions in a language that the computer can understand.The statements and instructions we find quite simple are often much too complex for the computer.
What is Algorithm?
An Algorithm is a sequence of instructions for finding a solution for a problem. there are 4 steps to solve a problem. They are,
  1. Understanding the problem.
  2. Developing an Algorithm for the problem.
  3. Writing a computer program.
  4. Testing the computer program.
Representation of Algorithm.
Algorithm can be represented in two ways. They are,
  1. Flowcharts (Graphically)
  2. Pseudo code (Texually)
What is a flowchart?
Flowchart or a Flow diagram is a graphical representation of a processor or a system that details the sequencing of steps that are required to create the output. The various functions of a flowchart are,
  1. Input - Accept data for computations.
  2. Computation/Process - Carry out simple numerical computation.
  3. Decision - Compare numbers or characters.
  4. Output - Return the complete results.
What are control structures?
There are few standard ways of connecting the symbols to present the three basic structures as shown above.
  • Sequence
  • Selection
  • Repetition
Sequence
Step that execute in each other top to bottom or left to right.
Selections
Once the condition is evaluated the control flows in one of the two paths.
Repetition
Either processing repeats or then control leave the structure.


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